O
- O
- atomic symbol for oxygen
- Os
- atomic symbol for osmium
- outlier
- observation in a series of observations that is so far removed from the
rest that it appears to be from a different population
or to be caused by a spurious error
- out of control
- not in a state of statistical control
(cf. in control)
- output estimate
- in a measurement, the value of an output quantity calculated from
input estimates using the
measurement function
- output quantity
- quantity in a mathematical model of measurement
whose value is obtained by calculation from the values of other quantities,
called input quantities
- oxidation
- loss of one or more electrons by an atom in a chemical reaction, or an
increase in its positive valence (cf. reduction)
- oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction
- chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between atoms, so that
one substance is oxidized and another is reduced
- oxidation number (oxidation state)
- number that describes the electron density of an atom or ion
in a combined state, relative to the electron density in the uncombined
state — may be positive or negative
- oxidizing agent
- 1. in an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance
that gains electrons, or is reduced
2. substance, such as O2 or Cl2, that readily takes on
electrons